Located in the heart of Hainan, the Betel Nut Valley (槟榔谷) is a captivating cultural destination that offers an immersive experience into the ancient traditions of the Li ethnic group, the indigenous people of the island. Known for its untouched beauty and strong cultural roots, Betel Nut Valley is a living testament to the enduring customs, art, and heritage of the Li people.
A Glimpse Into Li Ethnic Traditions
The Li ethnic group’s lifestyle and traditions are as vibrant and rich as the lush landscapes surrounding them. In Betel Nut Valley, visitors can engage in a variety of traditional activities that showcase the deep connection the Li people have with nature. These include exciting sports like archery, swing riding, climbing vines to pick flowers, crossing rivers with shoulder poles, and walking on a narrow wooden bridge.
Traditional music performances also play a significant role in the experience. You can enjoy the sounds of ancient instruments such as the nose flute, coconut horn, and tree leaf wind instruments, which add a unique auditory dimension to the cultural showcase. Furthermore, the energetic performances of songs and bamboo pole dances offer a delightful way to immerse yourself in the cultural rhythm of the Li people.
Beyond these fun activities, the valley also offers a deep dive into the everyday life and craftsmanship of the Li people. Fishing with traditional techniques, living in unique homes, and watching master artisans weave Li brocade provide visitors with an authentic understanding of the local culture.
Li Brocade: A Masterpiece of Craftsmanship
One of the most captivating aspects of the Betel Nut Valley is its celebration of Li brocade weaving—a time-honored craft that has been passed down through generations. At the valley’s cultural exhibitions, visitors can witness elderly Li women expertly weaving intricate patterns into fabric, a skill that remains a cornerstone of their cultural identity.
Li brocade, also known as the “dragon blanket” (龙被), is an intricate work of art that is often decorated with detailed, vibrant patterns inspired by the natural world and mythology. The valley’s exhibition showcases some of the finest examples, including the world’s largest known “dragon blanket,” which beautifully depicts mythical creatures and auspicious symbols. Unfortunately, as mechanized textiles have replaced traditional methods, the art of crafting these stunning pieces is at risk of fading away, and many of the elderly artisans are the last bearers of this knowledge.
A Living Museum of Li Culture
Unlike conventional museums, Betel Nut Valley blends the past with the present in its unique cultural displays. The exhibitions here do not simply showcase relics; they integrate traditional customs into the daily lives of the local villagers. This approach makes the experience feel particularly dynamic, as it allows visitors to see firsthand how the Li people continue to preserve and pass down their ancient traditions.
As Huang Yujian, a local guide, aptly puts it, “Collecting is the best protection, and using is the best inheritance.” In the valley, old tools and objects used in traditional daily life are still in use, offering a tangible link to the past while ensuring the continuity of the culture.
The Tattoos of the Li People: Ancient Art on Skin
Among the most striking cultural practices in Betel Nut Valley are the facial tattoos, a distinctive feature of the Li people. Known as "the Dunhuang murals on the human body," these tattoos were traditionally used to distinguish family clans. The tattoos, which include patterns such as double-line dots, geometric designs, and spring source patterns, are a rare and fascinating sight. Today, they can only be seen on elderly women, some of whom are over 80 years old. These tattoos not only symbolize the cultural identity of the Li people but also represent their pursuit of beauty and spiritual beliefs.
In addition to facial tattoos, “sculpting the ear” (雕题离耳) is another characteristic feature of Li culture. This involves carving designs on the face and wearing large, ornate earrings. Visitors to Betel Nut Valley will notice these unique cultural markers among the local residents, adding to the charm of the valley’s living cultural landscape.
A Journey into the Heart of Li Culture
Betel Nut Valley is not just a place to visit, but a place to experience the living history of the Li people. From traditional weaving and tattoos to thrilling activities and captivating music, the valley offers a rich tapestry of cultural experiences that showcase the Li ethnic group’s deep connection to their land, history, and traditions. If you’re seeking to understand and appreciate the true spirit of Hainan, a visit to Betel Nut Valley is a journey you won't forget.
